#26 Learned Helplessness Experiment (1 photo)
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28 Psychological Experiments That Revealed Incredible And Uncomfortable Truths About Ourselves
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The concept of “learned helplessness” was investigated by Martin Seligman in 1965. The discovery of this concept was accidental and it occurred during a series of studies about negative reinforcement.
The studies were conducted on dogs and was an attempt to expand on the research of Pavlov – he who made dogs salivate when they heard a bell ring. Seligman wanted to head in the other direction, when he rang his bell instead of providing food, he shocked them lightly with electricity. To keep them still, he restrained them in a harness during the experiment.
After they were conditioned, he put these dogs in a big box with a little fence dividing it into two halves. It was hypothesized that if he rang the bell, the dog would hop over the fence to escape, but it didn’t. It just sat there and braced itself. He decided to try shocking them after ringing the bell, but the dog still just sat there and took it. When they put a dog in the box which had never been shocked before and tried to shock it – it jumped the fence immediately.
As the dogs had learned from the first part of the experiment that there was nothing they could do to avoid the shocks, they gave up and lay there resigned to their fate in the second part of the experiment. This condition is described as learned helplessness, where a human or animal does not attempt to get out of a negative situation because the past has taught them that they are helpless.
The studies were conducted on dogs and was an attempt to expand on the research of Pavlov – he who made dogs salivate when they heard a bell ring. Seligman wanted to head in the other direction, when he rang his bell instead of providing food, he shocked them lightly with electricity. To keep them still, he restrained them in a harness during the experiment.
After they were conditioned, he put these dogs in a big box with a little fence dividing it into two halves. It was hypothesized that if he rang the bell, the dog would hop over the fence to escape, but it didn’t. It just sat there and braced itself. He decided to try shocking them after ringing the bell, but the dog still just sat there and took it. When they put a dog in the box which had never been shocked before and tried to shock it – it jumped the fence immediately.
As the dogs had learned from the first part of the experiment that there was nothing they could do to avoid the shocks, they gave up and lay there resigned to their fate in the second part of the experiment. This condition is described as learned helplessness, where a human or animal does not attempt to get out of a negative situation because the past has taught them that they are helpless.
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